Synthesis and biological activity of brassinolide

Brassinolide (2 alpha, 3 alpha, 22 alpha, 23 alpha-tetrahydroxy-24 alpha-methyl-b-homo-7-oxa-5 alpha-cholestan-6-one), a plant steroid-promoting novel Rapeseed, and its unknown 22-beta-23-beta-isomers were obtained from a mixture of C-24 60:40 Dehydroxampesterol (24 alphamethylstyrene) epimers and brassicasterol (24 beta-methyl) synthesized from Of oysters. The synthesis process favored the formation of 22 beta, 23 beta. For better than the 4: 1 isomer, comparative plant of the growth promoting brassinolide capacities, both natural and synthetic, and its three cis-side chains -glycolic isomers in bean second internodal bioassay that natural and synthetic brassinolide were also active and caused a cleavage of the enters to the 0.1 microgram level. The less active were the 22 beta, 23 beta-isomer of brassinolide. The isomers with the 22 & alpha ;, 23 & alpha; And 24 & alpha; And 22 beta, 23 beta and 24 beta configurations are very active and are required at about 10 times the concentration of brassinolide, to cause the same physiological response. In the first internodal bean bioassay, an auxin-induced growth assay system isolated using bean plants resulted in the 22 beta, 23 beta and 24 beta configuration, a stronger response than brassinolide. Two of the four obtained in the synthesis of the Tetrahydroxyketone isomers are also active in both assays.

What is Calcium phosphate monobasic

Product Name: Calcium phosphate monobasic
CAS: 10031-30-8
Molecular Formula: Ca.H2O.2H2O4P
Molecular Weight: 252.06
Product Description: A phosphoric chemical porous rock phosphate crushed with the reaction of dilute sulfuric acid, the main ingredient is a calcium phosphate, the phosphorus content is 16% - 18%, the lowest component For calcium sulphate, makes about 50% of its weight in order, low phosphorus, several vice components. Under normal temperature for gray powder in dark gray, corrosive and hygroscopic, often contact with moist air easy moisture absorption cake, as the storage time is long, is a part of the phosphorus soluble in water, Water poorly soluble phosphorus and moisture, move more temperature, faster this displacement.

What is P815

Product Name: P815

Species: rat

Mastocytes; Source: Mast cell tumor

Type: suspension

Specifications: strains

Additives and agents:
Containing bicarbonate 1.5 g / l sodium, 4.5 g / l glucose, 4 mM L-glutamine in DMEM, 90%; Fetal calf serum or 10% newborn calf serum.

Application: Only for research

Product Description:
P815 granular cells are swallowed, but not swallowed milk yeast or BCG glycans. There is no cellular cytotoxicity dependent on antibodies. Dextran sulphate, or PPD LPS did not inhibit cell growth. The analysis showed that the virus of the malformation of the extremities is negative.

What is Anti D immunoglobulin

Product Name: anti-D immunoglobulin
Description: Immunoglobulin anti-D is used for the prevention of Rh disease (also Rhesus disease, hemolytic disease of the newborn (SHNN) or hemolytic disease of the newborn). Rh disease occurs when a Rh negative mother has given birth to a positive rhesus baby, and then with another Rh positive child becomes pregnant.

Sucrose

Product Name: Sucrose
CAS RN: 57-50-1
Molecular formula: C12H22O11
Molecular Weight: 342
Product Description: The main products of photosynthesis, which are widely used in plants, especially in the very high levels of sugar beet, sugar cane and fruit. Storage facility sucrose, the main form of sugar accumulation and transportation. Normally eat sugar, brown sugar is sugar.

What is Pristimerin

Lack of effective therapeutics for pancreatic cancer at the present time underscores the dire need for safe and effective agents for the treatment of this malignancy. In the present study, we have evaluated the anticancer activity and the mechanism of action of pristimerin (PM), a quinonemethide triterpenoid, against MiaPaCa-2 and Panc-1 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) cell lines. Treatment with PM inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis in both cell lines as characterized by the increased Annexin V-binding and cleavage of PARP-1 and procaspases -3, -8 and -9. PM also induced mitochondrial depolarization and the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria. The induction of apoptosis by PM was associated with the inhibition of the pro-survival Akt, NF-κB and mTOR signaling proteins and their downstream intermediaries such as Foxo-3α and cyclin D1 (Akt); Cox-2 and VEGF (NF-κB); p-S6K1 and p-4E-BP1 (mTOR) as well as PKCε. Treatment with PM also inhibited the expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and survivin but not Bcl-xL. The downregulation of Bcl-2 by PM was not due to proteasomal or lysosomal proteolytic degradation of Bcl-2, since treatment with PM in the presence of proteasomal inhibitors MG132 or lactacystin (LAC) or calpain inhibitor MG101 failed to block the downregulation of Bcl-2 by PM. On the other hand, RT-PCR analysis showed the inhibition of Bcl-2 mRNA by PM in a dose-related manner, indicating that inhibition of Bcl-2 by PM is mediated through the suppression of Bcl-2 gene expression. Thus, the mechanistic understanding of the antitumor activity of pristimerin could facilitate in vivo efficacy studies of pristimerin for pancreatic cancer.

Cyclopamine decreased early embryonic development

Hedgehog path (Hh) has been studied in various life processes of the body of the animal and is proposed to be important for the development of several organs. The genes involved in the HH pathway were expressed in the ovary of mice, pigs and bovines. However, the function of the HH signaling pathway for oocyte maturation and early embryonic development is still controversial. We demonstrated the effect of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and cyclopamine on the in vitro maturation of Mausozyten and the development of the embryo. The results showed that the presence of Shh resulted in cyclopamine oocyte maturation or similar to a control group. Shh not improved early embryonic development. However, the addition of depressed cyclopamine from early embryonic development. The shh, PTCH1, SMO and GLI1 mRNA was less detected in the bare oocytes. Expression levels of PTCH1 increased from the cleaved zygote to Blastozystenstufe. Smo or GLI1 were expressed in early embryonic separately at a higher level in the cell or four cell stages. Therefore Shh influenced the maturation of mouse oocytes and early embryonic development did not, however, cyclopamine resulted in inhibition of the early embryo development of the mouse. The effects of HH signaling in oocyte maturation and early embryonic development may be species specific.