It is well known that the placenta can secrete soluble factors to affect the metabolism of the fetus, the placenta and the mother, but in addition to these soluble regulating substance, placental cells (including cell trophoblast cells, syncytiotrophoblast and placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells) can also be by releasing some of extracellular vesicles (ECVs- including apoptotic bodies / vesicles (100-600 nm); shed microvilli (.400 nm); micro vesicles (0.1-2 mm); exosomes (30 -100 nm)), and thus have an impact on the mother and fetus. ECVs placenta sources (including exosomes and micro vesicles) in normal pregnancy can be detected in maternal plasma, these ECVs contain placenta-specific proteins and miRNA, and may be the parent secreted exosomes are distinguished .
Study subjects were divided into four groups, namely non-pregnant women, pregnant women in early pregnancy that is the first three months (FT-first trimester, pregnant 6-12 weeks), namely pregnant women in the second trimester of three months (ST-second trimester, pregnant 22-24 weeks), that is three months after the third trimester pregnant women (TT-third trimester, pregnant 32-38 weeks), to detect these human plasma exosomes.
