Phosalone use

In this study potential biomarkers of oxidative stress and histopathological changes in the common carp (Cyprinus Carpio, L., 1758) were studied who were exposed to different concentrations of phosalone in vivo. Fish were exposed to 0.15, 0.3 and 0.6 mg / l concentrations phosalone in a semi-static control to 14 of biomarkers, in particular Na (+), K (+) -. ATPase, reduced glutathione (GSH) reactive thiobarbituric acid substances (TBARS) and histopathological changes were determined in the gill tissue, liver and fish kidneys. sublethal concentrations produced Phosalone increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) antioxidant defense system peroxidation and reduced production of lipids. While GSH 7 in all groups for greater control over GSH decreased significantly in the medium and high doses in 14 days GSH levels reduced in all tissues and a significant induction of lipid peroxidation (TBARS) were reduced observed. Na (+), K (+) - ATPase enzymatic activity is significantly inhibited, particularly in the gills. No histopathological effects were observed in the control group. Lamellens aneurysm, lamellar fusion, hyperplasia, lifting the epithelium and bleeding were observed in subjects exposed Phosalone gill tissue. histopathological effects in liver tissue exposed to Phosalone fish were characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolization, congestion, hypertrophy and nuclear degeneration. Hypertrophy, tubular degeneration, mononuclear cell infiltration and glomerular capillaries of the expansion have been exposed in the tissues of kidney Phosalone noted. The results show that exposure to phosalone negatively affects the health of fish, due to oxidative stress.