Last year, Brazil, Colombia, Suriname and other three South American countries has informed the World Health Organization WHO found many cases of Zika virus (Zika) infection. Since 2014, WHO has been found that the presence of local Zika virus prevalent in the Americas, Zika current upward trend in the spread of the virus appeared in the Americas region, the presence of the cross-border spread of epidemic risk.
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released the 15th Latin American and Caribbean countries 14 travel warning that the spread of mosquito bites Zika virus is causing the epidemic, citizens travel to these areas should be careful, be vigilant, especially pregnant women. The virus can interfere with fetal development of the nervous system, resulting in miscarriage, neonatal microcephaly and even death.
Zika virus (ZIKV) belonging to the Flaviviridae virus family, flavivirus, can be transmitted to humans by mosquitoes. And other viruses within the Flaviviridae as Zika virus envelope and icosahedral capsid protein in the body, is a positive-strand RNA viruses. And it is the most closely related virus is Spondweni virus. In humans, it causes a mild illness called Zika. Zika disease, or also known as Zika fever has occurred only in a narrow strip near the equator in Africa and Asia since the 1950s.
Zika virus can be active in the daytime mosquitoes. It is known that many mosquitoes can spread the virus. Studies have shown that the virus in mosquitoes in vivo Fonseca external incubation period is about 10 days. Vertebrate hosts of the virus is mainly monkeys and humans. For now, the pathogenesis of the virus is still not clear. Scientists assume that, zika virus will infect dendritic cells at the start near the nuclear site, and then spread to the lymph nodes and the bloodstream. In general, the Flaviviridae virus is usually replicate in the cytoplasm, but zika virus antigen has been found to be infected with the nucleus.
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