Chinese scientists found that prostate cancer-specific methylation sites

Prostate cancer is the most common male malignancy, the current traditional diagnostic methods for prostate cancer is serum-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations were higher in patients with PSA biopsy final diagnosis.
However, the main disadvantage of this method is poor specificity of PSA (PSA 4-10ng / ml, the specificity of only 25% -40%), other issues such as prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia and other prostate disease can also cause abnormal PSA concentration , it will often unnecessary biopsy to patients caused great suffering. Therefore, an urgent need to find a sensitive and specific early diagnostic marker for prostate cancer.
Recently, the Beijing Genomics Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratory of Genomic Medicine precision Sun Yingli group in cooperation with the Shanghai Second Military Medical University, Changhai Hospital, through the Y chromosome methylation analysis and comparison of 66 pairs of prostate cancer and paraneoplastic samples, found prostate cancer in specific methylation sites.
The study by side comparison of cancer methylation levels between samples, found some relatively conservative methylation sites on the Y chromosome, which in methylation levels between different individuals is almost the same, regardless of age and geographical Effect of other factors, but these relatively conservative paracancerous sample methylation sites in cancer samples has undergone a significant variation in methylation, and screened a total of six conserved in paraneoplastic and in cancer Changes in specific sites.
After further DNA testing to verify the urine, the researchers finally selected a specific methylation sites. Its receiver characteristic curve (ROC) analysis showed that the site of prostate cancer diagnosis sensitivity and specificity were 94.6% and reached 78.3%, far superior to the traditional PSA method, and the method is to detect through urine samples, are a non-invasive means of non-invasive detection of liquid.
Liquid biopsy is currently the non-invasive diagnostic research focus has broad application prospects, is an inevitable trend in the future development of molecular diagnostic techniques. DNA methylation detection with strong tissue specificity, and therefore has a unique advantage in liquid biopsy applications, will become cancer diagnosis, prognosis and an important means of detecting treatment.
At present, domestic and international differences in DNA methylation in the urine for the diagnosis of prostate cancer is still blank, so the study leading level. In related research Identification of specific DNA methylation sites on the Y-chromosome as biomarker in prostate cancer in the title published in the journal oncotarget. The study was Ministry of Science and Basic Research Program of China (973), strategic pilot projects funded Chinese Academy of Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation and other projects.

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